Archives For December 2006

A New Neo-Orthodoxy?

Karl Barth sits on the top shelf with C.S. Lewis and Charles Hodge and a compendium of poetry. I smile at him, and he (even though he lost his dust cover many years ago now) smiles back at me. All that to say, I’ve read and benefited from some of the writings of Barth. In fact, I would go so far as to say that I have had some very inspiring, even devotional-like moments in the presence of the German theologian. As many have pointed out, his greatest weakness is that for all of the insight and blessing he offers the church with one hand, he (perhaps unwittingly) attempts to take it away with the other. As I understand it, Barth’s doctrine of revelation, in the attempt to protect the sovereignty of God, insists that true revelation cannot be tamed. And therefore Scripture, a witness to the revelation of God in Jesus Christ, the Word of God, cannot be said to be itself revelation. Revelation occurs when, where, and how the sovereign God deigns. Encounters with God are like lightening strikes, and one can only do so much (doing the spiritual equivalents of the lightening rod) and live by faith that these moments of crisis will occur. Thus all that Barth offers in the course of his Dogmatics he only offers tentatively it seems. One is left wondering whether what Barth insists upon can rightly be spoken of as true given his premises concerning revelation. And even if revelation has been redefined to mean something far more specialized, e.g. a more direct experience/event with the Triune God, we are still left with a less than certain knowledge of truth and reality. As Van Til suggests, this aspect of Barthianism is based upon a skeptical view of knowledge which is ultimately related to an incipient monism. But for those of us who do not share Barth’s assumptions regarding the nature of revelation as well as deeper philosophical presuppositions concerning the nature of being, there are many gems to mine from the caverns of Karl Barth. So I continue to smile up at Dr. Barth on the top shelf.

But my point is actually on a little different subject. In the current Federal Vision discussion; part of the freak out of certain quarters of reformed Presbyterianism has been a result of the insistence that God’s Word and Ordinances can be trusted. Now most of these brothers would be repulsed by any hint of some sort of neo-orthodoxy (Barthianism) in the ranks of reformed Presbyterians. But I would suggest that this is actually occurring. There are some (let’s call them Vantilians) who insist that God is both completely transcendent and other and at the same time immanent and near to the created order. This insistence on these two extremes protects the ultimate autonomy and freedom of God, and simultaneously protects his freedom to speak and act in whatever way he pleases. These Vantilians are currently stressing the fact that God has established his covenant in history, and that this covenant is entered through the covenant sign of baptism and that all the benefits of Christ are truly offered in this covenant seal and re-offered and re-affirmed in the covenant meal of the Eucharist. However, there are others (let’s call them neo-Barthians) who are insisting that this infringes upon God’s sovereignty and does not take into account the great chasm between creator and creation, between the infinite and the finite, along with vague yet frequent claims of sacerdotalism and quasi-arminianism. These neo-Barthians insist that while the sacraments and covenant are historical, the *real* recipients of grace in the sacraments and the *real* covenant members are so only through the mysterious, random, lightening strikes of the Holy Spirit. While this discussion is centered on the covenant and sacraments, it’s really the same conversation all over again. Can the Triune God be trusted here and now? Must we only hope vaguely that our covenant Lord has spoken and acted through the means he has ordained, or may we speak with confidence in faith knowing that our God has indeed come near to us? I would suggest that the radical heresy hunters out for the blood of these various FVers are going down the path of Barthianism preferring a Theology of Crisis (as Van Til termed it) with its inherent skepticism of knowledge rather than the certainty of faith, which clings to the gifts of our sovereign God.

Inspirations, Gifts, and Fun

Friends up in Lancaster, PA have started a new business to help churches and families grow in their ability to party down on the Lord’s Day. Abondante Living is up and running and filled with meals, decorations, and hosting ideas. Don’t be overwhelmed by all the details or finery; this is a vision that many of us share of growing a joyful Sabbath feasting culture. Many of us are still learning the basics as well. But there’s a wealth of resources here. Check it out.

In addition to Van Til’s “Christian Apologetics”, Dumas’ “The Count of Monte Christ”, and a $50 gift certificate to Amazon.com (!), for Christmas, I also received Jan Karon’s
At Home in Mitford, the world of Father Tim, an episcopalian rector and the parish he serves full of colorful characters and mysterious events, centered upon the small town of Mitford in North Carolina. George Grant mentioned Jan Karon on his blog a couple months back when they awarded her with the Chalmers Award (scroll down to the entries for November 2 and 4).

In addition to picking up Rachmoninov’s celebrated All Night Vigil (“Vespers”) for 2 bucks at a local used CD shop, Jenny and gave our selves His Majestie’s Clerke’s Early American Choral Music which can be sampled here at Sky Cow Books. My brother and sister in-law gave me Mark Knopfler’s The Ragpicker’s Dream. Great folk-rock album.

Oh, I almost forgot: if you haven’t yet perused the menu and descriptions of West of Paris, you are not yet hungry. Speaking of learning to feast and celebrate the good things of God, Francis Foucachon is beginning to teach us how. These friends in Moscow, Idaho have just opened for business early this Fall. Jenny and I are hoping to find some way to at least enjoy a few moments here during our visit in January. In addition to being a guest in the Foucachon home, I’ve had the priviledge of teaching the Foucachon’s youngest daughter Latin for a year. Go ahead, take a peak.

I hope your fourth day of Christmas has been quite merry. And even if you didn’t receive ‘four colly birds’ from your true love (shame on them!), I do trust it’s been good all the same. Happy Christmas!

Rejoicing under His Wings

One of the things Israel is most remembered for is her grumbling and complaining in the wilderness, all while God is miraculously feeding his people with bread and water and later even meat, literally falling from heaven. Bread is a picture of life and sustenance, and because of this, bread has always meant the word and life of God. How is it that dead grains can be baked and make us live a little longer? This is a great mystery; but it is by the Word of God and the power of the Spirit. How is it that bread, blessed, and shared in a fellowship of believers is the flesh of Christ come down from heaven? This is a great mystery; but it is by the Word of God and the power of the Spirit. We have come under the wings of Yahweh; we are his priestly people gathered here at this table to celebrate the life giving word of God made flesh and tabernacled here in our midst. But do not go from this miraculous table having fed on the Word of God to grumble and complain. Do not go out there acting as though there is a famine in Bethlehem. This is the new Bethlehem, the new house of bread, where you behold the glory of God, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father full of grace and truth. You are eating grace and truth. You are feasting on glory. Jesus is our new Joseph giving bread to the nations. Therefore rejoice: God has visited his people, Israel. God is visiting us even now in the power of His Spirit. Rejoice and give thanks, glory in this miracle that you who were once far off have been brought near to rest under the shadow of His wings.

Fourth Sunday in Advent: Christmas Eve Day: Luke 2:1-20: Bread and Glory

Prayer: Almighty and everlasting God, we know that man does not live by bread alone but by every word that proceeds out of your mouth. And therefore we come to you now hungry for your word. We are your children; so feed us now with the bread of life. And may the words of my mouth and the meditations of my heart be pleasing in your sight, O Yahweh, my fortress and nearest kinsman. Amen!

Introduction
In the story of Ruth, there is a key phrase that occurs twice in the book, “under your wing” (3:19) or “under his wings” (2:12). The parallel created is a very intentional picture of God’s redemption of Israel. When God redeemed Israel from bondage in Egypt, he brought them out to the mountain and made a covenant with them and gave them bread (manna). At the center of the camp was God’s very own glory presence “above the Cherubim” above the wings of the Cherubim (e.g. Ez. 10:19, 11:22). To be “under the wings” is literally to be in the shadow of the Holy of Holies, at the foot of the ark. To be under these wings is to be in the glory-house of God where the “bread” of God is offered, to be in the camp of Israel where God gave bread to his people. To be under the shadow of the wings of Yahweh, to be redeemed out of bondage in Egypt, was to be among the people who ate the bread of Yahweh and to be led by his glory cloud.

Bethlehem
Luke 2 begins with a census and Joseph returning to the city of his heritage, Bethlehem, the city of David. The name Bethlehem means “house of bread.” In Genesis 35:19, we are told this is near where Jacob buried Rachel, the father of Joseph and Benjamin. Remember that one of Rachel’s two sons was Joseph who gave bread to the nations in Egypt. Joshua 19:15 tells us that Bethlehem was one of the cities included in the inheritance of the tribe of Zebulun. And the book of Judges ends with two horrific tales of wickedness that both involve connections to Bethlehem, showing us that the house of Israel is not being fed by the bread of God. The corrupt, young Levite and the unfaithful concubine both come from Bethlehem. And Ruth opens with this same bleak picture, Elimelech having left Bethlehem, perhaps faithlessly seeking for a blessing out from under the wings of God. But God raised up Boaz to picture God’s determination to be the near kinsman of Israel, the redeemer of Israel. The city of Bethlehem is the city of David, where God raised up a redeemer for his people. And the angels announce that this is happening again (2:11).

The Glory of the Lord
Here we are told that the “glory of the Lord shone around them.” Throughout Scripture God is identified closely with light and fire; God is light (1 Jn. 1:5). God dwells in unapproachable light (1 Tim. 6:16). God wraps himself in light (Psalm 104:1ff). God is surrounded in lightening and thunder (Psalm 18:8). Lightening and fire goes out from his throne (Ps. 97). Remember the pillars of cloud and fire in the Exodus. The Spirit is likened to fire; Christ came to baptize with the Holy Spirit and fire. God is a consuming fire (Heb. 12). But lightening does not come alone. It is loud; it is a storm. We see this in the visions of Ezekiel and Isaiah and Revelation: there are wheels and eyes and voices like rushing waters. There around the throne of God are terrifying angelic creatures rushing around with wings and roars of praise and adoration. Throughout the Scriptures there is a close association between angels and stars (Deut. 4:19, 17:3, Jdgs. 5:20, 1 Kgs. 22:19, Neh. 9:6, Dan. 8:10, Acts 7:42-43). This “host” is something like a cosmic hurricane. The glory of the Lord is an angelic tempest. The glory of the Lord is bright and loud. The shepherds were not just afraid of bright colored men with wings floating down out of the sky singing Handel; the rush and explosion of light and sound was enough to make these men really terrified.

Making Known Christ the Lord
The response to the announcement is immediate discussion and encouragement (2:15). And even after their visit of the Child, they are making “widely known the saying which was told them concerning the Child” (2:17). It’s also worth remembering that shepherds were some of the least respected members of society. Also, Israel was a nation of shepherds (Moses, wilderness generation, David). Finally, remember that “shepherd” was a title for the rulers of Israel. The shepherds are the kings (e.g. Ez. 34). The prophets promise new, faithful shepherds that will feed and protect the flock of Israel rather than feeding upon them. Shepherds picture perfectly all of these things: despised for their unfaithfulness as a class, but apparently faithful (keeping watch by night), and certainly willing to listen and obey. Notice also that the glory of the Lord has been transferred to the shepherds by the end of the episode. The shepherds returned glorifying and praising God (like the angels 2:13-14).

Conclusion & Application
We have only considered slices of this story. The story is centered on a geographical location with thick connotations; the glorious storm presence of God comes down to announce the birth of the Christ to shepherds, an apt picture of Israel and her history. But one way to read this is as the story of the birth of a new Obed, the dead/virgin womb of Ruth/Naomi has been glorified in the virgin birth of Jesus. As Boaz overshadowed Ruth with his wings, so Yahweh came down and overshadowed Mary and she conceived and brought forth a Son. As Yahweh blessed Israel with fruitfulness and bread, so he is now redeeming Israel through the birth of Jesus. The Father is the kinsman-redeemer coming to the aid of dead and barren Israel. Jesus is the Son who will reclaim the inheritance. And grace upon grace, we have been invited to share in this inheritance, to be adopted by the Father as co-heirs with his Son. And he gives us the bread of life.

Concluding Prayer: Great and Majestic God, you who set your glory above the heavens, who clothe yourself in lightening and fire, you have come near to us. You have given your glory flesh; you have given your glory hands and feet and a name; a name that is above every name. We glory in this name. We glory in his cross. We glory in this gospel. We glory in your glory. And we plead with you to never make us Ichabod; let not your glory depart, for we are your people, called by your name. Give us more glory, O, God, fill us till we burst with the glory of Christ our God.

Gut Reactions

December 26, 2006 — Leave a comment

Reactions reveal our hearts. When the cup tips over, when the toast burns, when the employee is late again, when your child disobeys again, when she says that or he makes that face, how do you react? In the Hebrew worldview the heart was down in the guts, in the kidneys. We still recognize this phenomenon when we refer to our “gut reactions” or “gut feelings.” Advent and Christmas are busy times of the year; more people, more food, less sleep, and it’s easy to make a million excuses for being ungracious. But we are celebrating God’s reaction to a messed up world. God’s reaction was grace and sacrifice. He did not respond to our mess and sin with the thundering vengeance it well deserved. He responded by drawing near to us; he responded by taking flesh upon himself to sympathize with us and experience life as we know it. This is the gospel, and all ugly reactions are false gospels. Are your words, actions, facial expressions and tones of voice declaring the gospel of pure, undeserved grace in Jesus? Or have you lived a false gospel, one where God begrudgingly comes to our aid, or where God’s anger overflows in torrent of harsh words. Christmas is God’s gracious reaction to our sin, and we are called not only to worship this newborn king, but to imitate him, stirring up grace in our hearts.

Merry Christmas

Mt. Hood

Don’t know how many of you have been following the recent tragedy on Mt. Hood, but my dad forwarded me the link to this blog here, and it has a number of powerful moments if you scroll down through the last number of days. Particularly the post from Father Jonathan seems to indicate the faithful witness of these families in such a trying time. One of the climbers who died, Kelly James, was the brother of Frank James, the president of Reformed Theological Seminary in Oviedo, FL.

A Water Pistol in a Monsoon or A Few Thoughts on the Federal Vision or It’s Calvinism, Baby!

I recognize full well that the reformed world, particularly that portion of its unmentionables protruding out into cyberspace, is running all amok with the Federal Vision and Auburn Avenue mêlée. Did to’s and did not’s and nuh-uh’s and uh-huh’s are multiplying at a rate to make the bunnies a little jealous. What’s another blog post? A few paragraphs here is about as helpful as a water pistol in a monsoon. But all the same, here I am at the fountain of “reformedom” and I don’t mind heaving my two pennies into the aquatic piggy bank.

The Federal Vision is a conversation. The word “federal” simply means covenantal, a representative form of government, a part for whole understanding of both blessings and benefits, as well as responsibility. The conversation is a spider web of tangents and meandering side conversations that center on how the covenant is tied to salvation and the sovereignty of God.

But what I’d like to point out is that we’re all Calvinists here. We love the five points; we get giddy with excitement at the mention of the Institutes. The Synod of Dordt is, like, my favorite. We believe that God knows the end from the beginning and that in his inexhaustible goodness foreordained whatsoever comes to pass. God is not caught off guard; he is not surprised. He does everything that happens in the world; and nothing happens that is not the result of his immutable decrees. AND we believe that God uses means. God is not just a big one of us. We are not puddles while he is the ocean. We are not pebbles while he is Mt. Everest. He is the creator and we are the created. God’s decrees unfolding in the world are not like the work of a puppeteer, pulling so many strings and moving our mouths up and down. His will inhabits the order and story of the world in a mysterious, glorious way that far from restricting creation, actually enables and empowers creation to be creation. It is the love and joy and goodness of God that providentially sings the story of history filling stars and rivers and people with life and love and hunger. This means that we believe that while God is exhaustively sovereign, ruling the wild, spinning dance of every last atom from the beginning of the world to the very last second of time, at the very same time, God interacts with this creation, judging and saving, revealing and loving, hating and redeeming the world to himself. And because he is God, he is not merely playing with puppets. He is not arguing or fighting with himself. He has spun the worlds according to his glory AND that world fell into sin and misery, and he has been pleased to redeem and woo that world back to himself.

Why do I feel the necessity to defend and explain Calvinism to Reformed Presbyterians? Because I’m convinced that at least some of the extreme critics of this conversation have abandoned this central mystery and doctrine. Salvation is worked out in history. But we believe that God knows the names, birth weights, and last shoe size of every single person down from the beginning of the world to the end who trusts in Jesus for forgiveness and salvation. That number will not go up or down. It will not fluctuate with time or weather or politics. AND at the same time, it has pleased God to work in history through means. God uses people and books and circumstances and car accidents and conversations and sermons and sacraments and parents and diseases and children and employers and family pets and a million other things to tell the story of redemption in the world and draw individuals to himself. In other words, no one denies that we are saved through the completely unmerited grace of God, through faith which was not of ourselves but yet another completely gratuitous gift of God so that no one has a single syllable to boast about. This is because we are totally, completely, unassailably God’s workmanship created in Christ Jesus for good works which we did not dream up with our own brilliant minds, but which God prepared beforehand that we should walk in them.

The point of all this simply to suggest that this whole fracas is just about these very basic things. How is salvation accomplished? Well in one sense salvation is accomplished by the immutable plan of God; the name of Carl Robbins was written in the book of life before the foundations of the world and nothing can change that. His sins were atoned for by the perfect sacrifice of Christ, and he was raised to new life and righteousness in the resurrection. But God has deemed his salvation to be worked out in history through a gazillion diverse and interrelated means, and it unfolds in God’s good timing. But God has told us some of the basic means that he uses. The central one is faith. God gives us the gift of faith, and this faith clings to Jesus Christ. And this faith so clings to him that it follows in his steps. This faith is like one of those sea monkeys in a bathtub which expands and grows. This faith sees the world as the playhouse of God, the nursery of the Almighty. And it believes the Word of God without doubting. Thus, when the word of God says that spanking is a means a grace, teaching a child wisdom and driving foolishness from his heart, we believe, rejoice, and obey. When the Word of God says that God made the world in 144 hours we believe, rejoice, and get to work on the ramifications of that. And when God’s Word says that Baptism and the Lord’s Supper are important aspects of our salvation we believe it and rejoice and obey.

Now none of this endangers any historic Christian doctrine. It’s all of grace because we already said that it’s all God’s doing, ultimately. Does God use means? Yes. This whole conversation, in my opinion, is just reaffirming this basic Calvinism. It’s all fine and good to assert that God uses means, but as soon as someone starts to name one of the means, the place comes apart. This is like a basketball coach giving some instructions on a whiteboard in the locker room and half the team freaking out when he gets out on to the court and expects them to play. Come on people, this is the game we’ve been talking about for the last 500 years. God is sovereign and rules over all. Man is responsible and free according to his nature and held liable for his actions. Trust and obey for there’s no other way, and yes that too is the gift of God. Jesus Christ is the only mediator between God and man. Sola fide, sola gratia, sola scriptura, solus christus, soli deo gloria. This is the gospel, friends. The gospel is not being compromised here; only the locker room ease and comfort of some people is at stake. The Word did not enter history as a confessional statement; the Word entered history as a person, a baby with ten fingers and ten toes. As Pearl Jam once put it, “It’s Calvinism, Baby!”

Of Christmas, Trees, and St. Boniface

In 718, the man born as Winfrid of Wessex, England, now known as Boniface, set out on a mission to the Teutonic tribes of northern Germany. Finding the heart of these pagan tribes bound by the worship of gods connected to sacred groves and trees, Boniface began to attack their superstitions openly and boldly. Sometime in 723, Boniface marched to the top of Mt. Gudenberg and cut down the sacred Oak of Thor. Stunned, the crowds watched their god’s shrine defiled and no judgment fell. Sometime later, the Christian Almanac records an occasion when a human sacrifice was to be made, a vestal virgin, offered to one of the deities. Boniface rushed to the scene of the sacrifice, and finding the Druid priest’s hand raised high with the sacrificial knife ready to plunge down into the girl, Boniface is said to have lunged on to the altar catching the knife in a small wooden cross. The priest was knocked away from the victim, and Boniface immediately began to proclaim the gospel of Jesus, that in Him, all sacrifice had been fulfilled. Then making his way through the sacred grove nearby, Boniface began cutting down branches and handing them to the astonished onlookers. He told them to take the branches home, to decorate their homes to remember Jesus whose cross, the tree of Calvary, was the final sacrifice and their garuntee of life and salvation.

We still celebrate this same victory of Christ over sin and death and violence. As we decorate our homes with wreathes and trees all lit up, we remember that tree of Calvary, the proclamation of peace to the world, the ultimate olive branch. Peace and goodwill, indeed.

The sermon text for this Sunday will be from Luke 2:1-20. Our other lessons will be from Isaiah 9:2-7 and Titus 2:11-14.

Two Tables

This table is the Eucharist, the table of thanksgiving. There are really only two tables in the world, the table of demons (Paul names it) and the table of the Lord, the table of thanksgiving and Eucharist and the table of ingratitude and bitterness. And Paul says that we may not eat from both. Here at this table we are enacting thankfulness. We are speaking thankfulness and we are living the thankful life toward one another here, and that means that you cannot go out there and be unthankful for your homework. You cannot go out there and be unthankful for your job. You cannot go out there and complain about your children or your health or your parents. You may not go around acting like you eat at the table of bitterness and ingratitude. Remember your allegiance to Jesus. He is King. You are his people. Therefore be loyal subjects to the King. Come eat, drink, and rejoice and again I say, rejoice!